Abstract

The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) has now been established as the causative agent of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved anti-HIV drugs and divided into seven groups. However, the use of these drugs has been relatively limited by their toxicity, drug resistance development. New anti-HIV drugs with acceptable toxicity, less resistance profiles and with novel mechanisms of action are clearly needed. Here HIV replication cycle, Possible HIV Targets and Interventions, Global situation and trends, approved antiretroviral drugs are discussed. This marked the beginning of the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). However future anti-HIV drug research efforts focused on new HIV targets such as HIV proteins and RNase H. Various modifications done on quinoline scafold, to search for lead molecule is also described.