Abstract
Immunochromatography is a combination of chromatography and immunoassay. In this technique, the antigen-antibody reaction which occurs on a membrane is used to determine the target analyte in the sample. For this the specific biomolecule against antigen or antibody of interest is impregnated in a membrane usually made of nitrocellulose along with some dyes which produces respective coloured lines according to the presence or absence of target analyte. The method has widespread application in detecting large kind of molecules including poisonous substances, pathogens in their smallest levels, hormones, etc. By the application of this principle, presence of disease causing organism in the body can be detected in early stages at a relatively lesser cost. This review article provide an overview on principle, working, formats, advantages, disadvantages and some of the important applications of immunochromatography.
