Abstract
Type-1 diabetes (T1D) is an autoimmune disease characterized by insulitis and islet β-cell loss. At the onset of T1D, more than 70% of β-cells are destroyed, whereas the residual β-cells most likely represent the only reservoir for the regeneration of islet β-cell mass. Indeed, an effective therapy of T1D requires suppression of the autoimmune process and restoration of islet β-cells. GABA can be a potential target for Type-1 diabetes mellitus. GABA is inhibitory neurotransmitter and released from pancreatic β-cell. It acts on GABAAR in the α-cells, causing membrane hyper polarization and hence suppressing glucagon secretion. GABA treatment can reduce lymphocytic islet infiltration, restore the β-cell mass, and completely reverses hyperglycemia. This is associated with increased insulin, decreased glucagon levels in the circulation, and improved metabolic conditions. So, GABA or GABA-mimic drugs may be utilized as potential therapeutic option in the prevention and treatment of Type-1 Diabetes mellitus.
